Internal-combustion engine.



T. COOPER.

INTERNAL ooMBUsTIoN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 22. 1910.

Patented Apr. 19, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Apr. 19, 1910.

T. COOPER.

INTERNAL-GOMBUSTION ENGINE. AfP-PLIOATION FILED JAN. 22. 1910.

y F/ M. Mb@

T. COOPER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPyIoATIoN FILED 11111.22. 1910.

955,767. Patented Apr. 19, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

- The Elms, Kings Lynn, Norfolk, England, engineer, have invented certain new and use:

THOMAS COOPER, OF KINGS LYNN, NORFOLK, ENGLAND.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 19, 1910.

Application 1aed January 22, 191e. serial No. 539,618.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS Coornn, of

-ful Improvements in Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification. t

The vresent invention has reference to two cyc e internal combustion engines of the kind wherein explosive mixture is drawn from the carbureter into what may be called the pump end of the cylinder by the backward stroke of the piston and then forced by the forward stroke into a reservoir whence it asses into'the4 cylinder at the explosion en In engines of this description it is important not only to 'suck a full char e from the carbureter but to insure that a ful charge reaches in due Icourse the explosion end'of thel cylinder. It is therefore essential to avoid the use of unduly long passages for the charge or of vvalves which are likely to ,retard or in any way interfere with, the

alongside its cylinder and in the same casting. A pair of mechanically operated independent slide valves is employed. One of them controls the admission of the explosive mixture to the pump and the discharge of the same from the pumpto the reservoir and the other valve controls the outlet of the reservoir and, when a fresh. air scavenging device is employed, the admission of air to the cylinder in advance ofthe charge and immediately following the explosion. The

passages in my aran ement are short and direct due to the positionof the reservoir and of the valves which project into the latter. i p.

In/the accompanying drawings Iv have 50 shown a two cylinder internal combustion engine working on the two-'stroke yprinciple embodying my invention.

Figure l is a vertical section von the line A-A of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through one cylinderon a line taken at rlght angles to Fig." 1. Fig, 3 is a sectional view of a modification showing the cylinder trunks and connections for reciprocal scavenging by outside air when the units are set up 1n airs. a, Figs. l and 2, is a cylinder closed at the top by a cover Z) and at the bottom by a trunk c.

d is a piston working in the c linder a and having a rod e passing throug a stuffing box f in the head of the trunk c.

g is the exhaust port of the cylinder a which is alternately opened and closed by the piston d.

T e piston rod e is connected to a crosshead L which is adapted to slide within the trunk c.

The cylinder a is divided by the piston into an upper explosion chamber and a lower pumping chamber.

The cross head lz, is connected by an ordi nary pitnian z' to the crank shaft j.

At the side of the cylinder `a is a casing or valve chest lc divided into three separate com artments by two piston valves.

T e compartment Z communicates by the port m with the carbureter (not shown) and with the interior of the cylinder a below the exhaust, through the port n. The compartment o is open to the explosion end of the cylinder a and between the compartments l and 0 is the com )artment p which I call a compression chamber. The ports m and n and also the inlet to the compression chamber p are controlled by the piston valve q which is connected by pitman 1" to a crank shaft 7 provided with suitable gearing meshing with gearing on 'the engine crank shaft j. The outlet from the chamber p leading to the explosion end of the cylinder a is controlled by the piston valve sI which is also connected to the crank shaft j. In the arrangement shown the valves are arranged tandemwise and the rod' of the piston valve s passes loosely through a sleeve -t fitted to the piston valve g and adapted to rock slightly t erein without permitting the passage of explosive mixture therethrough, the said rod being connectedv to a pitman 7' set on shaft r at an angle of 90o to pitman 7".

In operation the piston al on the backward stroke draws explosive mixture from the carbureter through the com artment Z into the cylinder a at the forwar end by the port n, the carbureter passage m being by the osition of the valve g at this time open an the inlet to the compression chamber 72 closed. On the forward strokethe carbureter passage m is closed and the-inlet to the compression chamber p is open so that thecontents of the vcylinder at the forward end are 'com'- pressed through the port n into the compression chamber p aforesaid. The outlet of the compression chamber p leading to the cylinder a at the explosion side of the piston al is also closed at the time of the explosion Abut .opens when the piston reaches a suitable point on the exhaust port g. At this point the scavenging takes place when the cylinders are coupled up as shown in Fig.-` 3, which is followed by an inrush of explosive mixture to the explosion side of the piston and the said mixture is fully compressedin the cylinder by the piston in-inaking its instroke.

To facilitate thespreading of the explov sive mixture within the cylinder a I `form vring ofthe port by the cover b with a wall or deflectin surface u which will cause the gas to di use oyger the whole `areaof the piston and drive out the s ent char e. Any desired number of cylin ers may e associated. together in an en ne.

he holes o in the cover b are intended to in the trunk of the right handcylinderis used for scavenging the left hand cylinder and vice versa. If there are more than two cylinders the same series arrangement may be employed. Air is admittedy tothe trunk` c near the top through a passage lw in the wall Vthereof communicating by the passage with the open air through an 'ordinary 111-) take valve. The air leaves the trunk o for the box of the valves of the companion cylinder by means of a ipe g/ communicating with the saidtrunk ya passages in the wall thereof. 9% The timing of the valve-1l .s in connection with its cylinder, and the 'positionl of the air port in the ybox of said valve must besuch that the dischar e of air from the pump of the other unit ollows the explosion in the cylinderin connection with said valve' s, and the opening of the exhaust forv the escape of the scavengin air recedes the openthe port for thel former/.is lplaced vslightly higher than ythe inlet for thev latter. The

t el va vee forthe adV mission of the next explosive charge.- The` valve s moves .downward to admitthe scavenging'chargeandthe explosive mixture and l eliallbel'l ofthe'o the piston valve therefor.'

combustion engine, a:

seating o f the valve s is 'made soliden the sidewhich contains the air port but is gridlike on the opposite side.. p

In Fig. 3; the piston ofthe left-hand cylinde'r is on its downward stroke following the explosion and ,will shortly `uncover the exhaust port g. The valves will shortly open the port for admittingthe scavenging of scavenging air is being sucked into thev trunk c" of the same cylinder to be subsequently compressed and expelled into the f companion cylinder shown on the right of Fig.' 31 which has'its piston rising and just covering its exhaust. t v

'I may here remarkthat as the head ofthe piston valve s is exposed to the force of the explosion the latter can be utilized' for driving directly the said valve 'and also the( valve g associated therewith.

What I claim as iny invention,and desire to secure by LettersPatent is 1. A l .two-.cycle internal combustion en-v gine, comprisinga cylinder, a piston reciprocating therein and dividing the cylinder into a pumping chamber at one end and an explosion chamber at the other end, a charge inlet leading to the pumping chamber, a

compression chamber located along side the cylinder, aj slide-valve arranged to yproject into the comression' chamber to control the admissionl o the .explosive mixture from the pumping chamber `Vto the compression chamber onfthel downward stroke of thepiston, said valve serving also to control the admission of the charge from the inlet to'- the pumping `chamber on vthe upward stroke of the-piston, a assage leading from the compression Acham er .to 4the explosion chainber, and .a reciprocating piston-valve coniio trolling the passageffrom the compression chamber to thev explosion chamber. c

" 2. In l an *internal combustion engine,l a

pair lof engine" units,each having a; cylinder with an explosion chamber in one end there? of, a piston operating therein and adapted to compress the charge vin the f other",y end thereof, an air pump operated by the piston,

`a valve-chest having a passageinxcoinmunivcation with the explosion endof the cylinder, aj passage to receive' the compressed charge, and a charg-receivinginlet, a pair.

,of piston valves, one controllin the named fpassag'e and the other the ast-named l i assage and inlet,- and conduits each leading rom an air pump'of one ofi-the units fafoie- 'said Ito lthe passage leading 2to the explosion erA unit and contro ledfby 3. In an internal pair of engine units, each having a c linder, a piston operating therein and divi ing the cy inder into a pumpin chamber at one end and an explosion cham er at the other end, a valve-chest having a compression chamber to receive the compressed charge from the pumping chamber, a passage leading from the com ression chamber to the explosion end of the cylinder, a passage leading from the valve-chest to the pumping chamber, and a charge-receivin inlet, a pair of iston valves, one contro ling the first-name passage and the other arranged to control communication between the pumping chamber and the inlet, and compression chamber, re- 15 spectively, each engine unit having an air pump operated by the piston, and conduits each leading from an air pump of one of the units aforesaid to the passage leading to the explosion chamber of the other unit and 20 controlled by the piston valve therefor.

THOMAS COOPER.

Witnesses:

A. A. ANDERSON, P. RABY. 

